Topic 1: What is an Algorithm?
An algorithm is a set of step-by-step instructions to solve a problem or complete a task, forming the foundation of computer programs.
Core concept
An algorithm must have clear, ordered steps, and following them correctly should lead to solving the problem or completing the task.
How it works
Algorithms exist in daily life too, like a recipe for cooking or the steps for tying shoelaces, not just in computers.
Why it matters
Computer programs are built from algorithms, translated into code that computers can understand and execute.
Key detail
Understanding algorithms helps us think logically and break down complex problems into smaller, manageable steps.
Exam highlight
Key diagram

- A numbered list showing the steps of a simple everyday algorithm, like making tea.
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Quick notes
• An algorithm is step-by-step instructions.
• It solves a problem or completes a task.
• Steps must be clear and ordered.
• Algorithms exist in daily life, like recipes.
• Tying shoelaces also follows an algorithm.
• Computer programs are built from algorithms.
• Algorithms are translated into code.
• They help break down complex problems.