Q1
Who is called the 'Father of Modern India'?
ARaja Ram Mohan Roy
BIshwar Chandra Vidyasagar
CMahatma Gandhi
DJawaharlal Nehru
ICSEClass 8 (ICSE)History and CivicsCh 9 · Topic 1
Great Reformers and Reform Movements
19th century India saw social and religious reform movements led by figures like Raja Ram Mohan Roy, who worked to address social issues and
Core concept
Raja Ram Mohan Roy, often called the 'Father of Modern India', campaigned against practices like sati (widow burning) and promoted education and social reform.
How it works
Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar worked for women's education and widow remarriage, challenging restrictive social customs of his time.
Why it matters
The Brahmo Samaj and Arya Samaj were reform organisations that worked to modernise Hindu religious and social practices.
Key detail
These reformers and movements laid important groundwork for social change, women's rights, and educational progress in India.
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Quick notes
• Raja Ram Mohan Roy is called 'Father of Modern India'.
• He campaigned against sati (widow burning).
• He promoted education and social reform.
• Ishwar Chandra Vidyasagar worked for women's education.
• He also promoted widow remarriage.
• The Brahmo Samaj and Arya Samaj were reform organisations.
• They aimed to modernise religious and social practices.
• These reformers advanced social change and education.