Q1
When was the Indian National Congress founded?
A1885
B1857
C1947
D1900
ICSEClass 10 (ICSE)History and CivicsCh 2 · Topic 1
Growth of Nationalism and the Indian National Congress
Indian nationalism grew in the late 19th century, culminating in the formation of the Indian National Congress in 1885 to represent Indian p
Core concept
Growing awareness of British exploitation, combined with Western education and ideas, fostered a sense of Indian national identity and unity.
How it works
The Indian National Congress (INC), founded in 1885 by A.O. Hume and others, initially sought moderate reforms through petitions and dialogue with the British.
Why it matters
Early INC leaders, called Moderates, believed in constitutional methods and gradual reform rather than direct confrontation with British rule.
Key detail
The formation of the INC marked an important step in organised Indian political activity, laying groundwork for the independence movement.
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• Nationalism grew from awareness of British exploitation.
• Western education fostered national identity.
• The INC was founded in 1885.
• A.O. Hume was a key founder.
• Early INC sought moderate reforms.
• This was through petitions and dialogue.
• Early leaders were called Moderates.
• The INC organised Indian political activity.