Q1
How were the Himalayas formed?
ACollision of the Indian and Eurasian plates
BVolcanic eruptions only
CErosion by rivers only
DWind erosion only
CBSEClass 9 (CBSE)Social ScienceCh 7 · Topic 1
The Himalayan Mountains
The Himalayas are a young, towering mountain range stretching across India's northern border, formed by the collision of tectonic plates mil
Core concept
The Himalayas were formed when the Indian tectonic plate collided with the Eurasian plate, pushing up the land to form the world's highest mountain range.
How it works
The Himalayas are divided into three parallel ranges - the Greater Himalayas (highest, with peaks like Everest), the Lesser Himalayas, and the Shivalik Hills (the outermost, lowest range).
Why it matters
The Himalayas act as a climatic barrier, blocking cold winds from Central Asia and forcing monsoon winds to release rainfall, significantly influencing India's climate.
Key detail
These mountains are also the source of major rivers like the Ganga, Yamuna, and Brahmaputra, providing water essential for agriculture and daily life for millions of people.
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• The Himalayas formed from the collision of Indian and Eurasian plates.
• The Himalayas are the world's highest mountain range.
• The three ranges are Greater, Lesser Himalayas and Shivalik Hills.
• The Greater Himalayas include peaks like Everest.
• The Himalayas block cold Central Asian winds.
• They also force monsoon winds to release rainfall.
• Major rivers like the Ganga originate in the Himalayas.
• These rivers support agriculture and daily life for millions.