Q1
The principle behind an electric generator is:
Aelectromagnetic induction
BOhm's law
Creflection of light
Drefraction of light
CBSEClass 10 (CBSE)ScienceCh 12 · Topic 2
Electromagnetic Induction and the Electric Motor
Learning how a changing magnetic field induces current, and how a motor works.
Core concept
In a generator, mechanical energy (like a turbine spun by water, wind, or steam) rotates a coil within a magnetic field, continuously changing the magnetic flux through the coil and inducing an alternating current. In a motor, current flowing through a coil placed in a magnetic field experiences a force (following the left-hand rule for motors), causing the coil to rotate — this principle powers countless devices, from electric fans and washing machines to electric vehicles.
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Quick notes
• Electromagnetic induction: a changing magnetic field induces current (discovered by Faraday).
• Generators use electromagnetic induction to convert mechanical energy into electrical energy.
• Motors work oppositely — converting electrical energy into mechanical energy via force on a current-carrying coil.
• The left-hand rule determines the direction of force in a motor's coil.